由于地球是弹滞体,根据牛顿理论,由于地球的自转作用,地球应该呈扁椭球状。18世纪,法国科学院派遣了两支测量队分赴拉普兰和秘鲁对地球的子午线弧长进行了实测,最终证实了地球是扁椭球。本文分别讨论了子午弧长随地心、大地、归化纬度的变化规律,数值计算结果表明:以大地纬度和归化纬度而论.1°子午线弧长随着纬度的增大而逐渐变长;但以地心纬度而论,1°子午线弧长随着纬度的增大而逐渐变短。
Since the Earth is an elastic-visco body,the Earth should be an oblate spheroid due to it s rotation,according to Newton s theory.In 18~(th) century,the French Academy of Sciences sent two expeditions,one to Lapland and one to Peru to measure the meridian arc length,and the results demonstrated that the Earth is an oblate spheroid,flattened at poles.This paper analyzes the relationship between the 1°meridian arc length and three different kinds of latitudes——geocentric latitude,geodetic latitude and re- duc...