中文摘要：

综述水相量子点的回流共沉淀法和水热法等常用制备方法，CdTe基核壳结构量子点、复合SiO：包覆的CdTe纳米晶和水相合金量子点等的核壳结构特点，水相量子点稳定性及其在生物检测、离子检测和发光二极管等方面的应用。概述水溶性量子点的合成方向、组装及应用前景，提出制备毒性低、生物兼容性好和性质稳定的水相量子点是研究和关注的方向，认为合成的系统化将使其应用研究占主导地位。

英文摘要：

The methods in preparation of water-soluble quantum dots, such as reflux method, hydrothermal method and so on were reviewed. The properties of quantum dots including single shell core-shell quantum dots, double shell quantum dots, and hybrid shell quantum dots were analyzed. The research on the stability of water-soluble quantum dots and the application on the biological detection, ion detection, and light emitting diodes was summarized. The development of synthesis, assembly and application, and the direction of research and attention of water-soluble quantum dots with low toxicity, good biological compatibility and stable property were suggested, because the systematic synthesis, water-soluble quantum dots will dominate the application research.