中文摘要：

沉积盆地的热体制和热历史是盆地动力学和油气成藏研究的重要内容,中国东西部盆地受不同构造背景和动力学机制影响,热体制存在明显差异。文中从盆地的热历史、热岩石圈厚度和岩石圈热结构3个方面对渤海湾和塔里木这两个中国东西部典型盆地中—新生代的热体制进行了分析,表明东西部盆地在中—新生代时期的热体制存在较大差异。中—新生代时期渤海湾盆地经历了早白垩世—晚白垩世早期（K1—K12）和始新世—渐新世（E2—E3）两期热流高峰,而塔里木盆地热流值是逐渐降低的过程;渤海湾盆地的热岩石圈厚度在中—新生代经历了早白垩世晚期和古近纪中—晚期两次快速的减薄高峰,减薄高峰时期岩石圈厚度仅为43~55km;而塔里木盆地则经历了中生代缓慢增厚—古近纪以来快速增厚的过程。由地幔热流与地表热流比值确定的岩石圈热结构揭示出渤海湾盆地经历了三叠—侏罗纪的＂冷幔热壳＂型和白垩纪以后的＂热幔冷壳＂型;塔里木盆地则由＂热幔冷壳＂型在新近纪末期转变为＂冷幔热壳＂岩石圈热结构。深部岩石圈的热结构和热状态的这种差异与岩石圈热-流变结构和岩石圈变形特征密切相关,通过对沉积盆地中—新生代时期的热历史和岩石圈热结构演化的研究,可以揭示沉积盆地深部的热状态,为中—新生代以来的成盆动力学机制研究提供有科学意义的参考。

英文摘要：

The thermal regime and thermal history of sedimentary basins play an important role in basin dynamics and hydrocarbon accumulation.The sedimentary basins in the western and eastern China underwent different tectonic background and dynamic mechanism,which resulted in the differentials of their thermal regimes.In this paper,the Meso-Cenozoic thermal regimes of the Bohai Bay Basin in the eastern China and Tarim Basin in the western China were studied based on the thermal history,＂thermal＂lithosphere and lithospheric thermal structure,and the results show that the thermal regimes in these two basins underwent different evolution since the Mesozoic.The heat flow of the Bohai Bay Basin underwent two peak evolution phases occurred in the Early Cretaceous to the early Late Cretaceous（K1-K12）and the Eocene-Oligocene（E2-E3）respectively,while the heat flow in the Tarim Basin gradually decreased from the Mesozoic to the Cenozoic.Two rapidly thinning processes of the＂thermal＂lithosphere in the Bohai Bay Basin occurred in the Late Early Cretaceous and the Paleocene,and its minimum thickness was only 43-55 km in the Paleocene.However,the thickness of the＂thermal＂lithosphere in the Tarim Basin increased slowly in the Mesozoic and then rapidly since the Paleocene.The ratio of crust to mantle heat flow revealed that the lithospheric thermal structure of the Bohai Bay Basin was divided into two phases：＂cold mantle and hot crust＂type during the Triassic-Jurassic but＂hot mantle and cold crust＂type since the Cretaceous,while that of the Tarim Basin always stayed in the＂hot mantle and cold crust＂phase and then transferred to＂cold mantle and hot crust＂phase since the end of the Neocene.The differences of the lithoshperic thermal structures and thermal conditions between these two basins were closely related to the thermal-rheological structure and deformation of the lithosphere.The research on the thermal history and lithospheric thermal structure of the sedimentary basins could effectively reveal t