中文摘要：

研究了四川西南部丘陵紫色土区玉米地、油菜地、水稻田、枇杷园地、柏树林地、撂荒地6种土地利用方式下土壤磷有效性及其影响因素。选取仁寿县东南部为土样采集区,测定了土壤无机磷素组分、土壤磷吸附参数以及相关土壤理化性状。结果表明,6种土地利用方式的土壤水溶性磷、速效磷、全磷含量以水稻田最低,枇杷园地最高。油菜地土壤的速效磷/全磷、水溶性磷/全磷、水溶性磷/速效磷均高于玉米地。磷流失风险表现为水稻田〈油菜地〈玉米地〈柏树林地〈撂荒地〈枇杷园地。相关性分析得出土壤有效Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、Mg与Fe-P、Ca-P 2个无机磷组分存在显著相关关系。在研究区6种土地利用方式下的土壤磷素管理上,建议减少枇杷园地的磷肥施用量,以降低土壤磷素流失风险,耕作方式上可采用水旱轮作以提高土壤磷素有效性。

英文摘要：

6 types of land use included maize field, rapeseed field, paddy field, loquat orchard, cypress forest and fallow land in southwestern hilly purple soil areas of Sichuan were selected to study the effects of different land use types on soil phosphorus availability, in order to supply some theoretical basis for optimal soil phosphorus management. Soil samples were collected from southeast of Renshou county, and soil inorganic phosphorus fractions, phosphorus adsorption parameters and related soil physical and chemical properties were determined. The results showed that the soil water soluble phosphorus, available phosphorus and total phosphorus content were the lowest in paddy field and the highest in loquat orchard. The rates of soil available phosphorus/total phosphorus, water soluble phosphorus/total phosphorus, and water soluble phosphorus/ available phosphorus in rapeseed field were higher than those in maize field. The risk of phosphorus loss were in the order of paddy field〈rapeseed field.〈maize field.〈cypress forest 〈 fallow land〈loquat orchard. Correlation analysis showed significant correlations between soil available Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mg and 2 inorganic phosphorus fractions of Fe-P and Ca-P. For the soil phosphorus management of 6 types of land use in the study area, it is suggested to cut down the phosphate fertilizer application rate so as to reduce soil phosphorus loss, and use paddy field upland field rotation so as to improve soil phosphorus availability.