中文摘要：

大气湍流三维波前复原是星向多层共轭自适应光学中的关键技术。分析了星向多层共轭自适应光学系统中的大气湍流三维波前模式复原算法,并对该算法进行了数值仿真验证和误差分析。分析结果表明：当对2层大气湍流进行三维波前复原时,若采用自然导星,因平移像差不能被探测,导致平移和倾斜两种模式不能被准确复原;若采用激光导星,因平移和倾斜像差不能被直接探测,导致平移、倾斜、离焦和像散几种模式不能被准确复原;当对3层大气湍流进行三维波前复原时,模式混淆总是存在,无法消除,各层大气湍流波前不能被准确复原;当观测目标在探测高度的波前被自然导星光束完全覆盖时,其波前可以被准确复原。

英文摘要：

Three-dimensional wavefront reconstruction of atmospheric turbulence is key technique for star oriented multi-conjugate adaptive optics （SO-MCAO）, and the algorithm for three-dimensional wavefront mode reconstruction of atmospheric turbulence in SO-MCAO is analyzed theoretically and researched by simulations. The analysis result shows that the global piston and tip/tilt modes are singular and cannot be localized in altitude due to the fact that piston of turbulence cannot be measured in the case of two turbulence layers by using nature guide stars. Global piston, tip/tilt, defocus, astigmatism modes are singular and cannot be reconstructed in altitude because piston and tip/tilt of turbulence cannot be measured while using laser guide stars. For three turbulence layers, a growing number of singular modals produce enormous aliasing error that cannot be avoided. In spite of the inaccurate wavefront reconstruction for three turbulence layers respectively, the wavefront from observed object can be completely reconstructed if its footprints on layers are fully covered by nature guide stars.