中文摘要：

现存物种的分布格局、遗传结构是当前因素和历史因素共同作用的结果。人类的过度开发、全球变暖等当前因素造成的生境片段化是目前许多报春花属植物濒危的一大原因。该文总结了近年来报春花属内的保育遗传学研究进展，期望以此为更好地保护报春花属植物提供一定的理论基础。应用亲缘地理学研究方法可以弥补古生物学难以研究报春花植物历史成因的不足，因此也总结该方法在报春花属内的研究进展，并初步整理不同地区间的报春花属植物的分化式样，同时期望这些研究成果能为为研究报春花属植物在应对全球气候变化的响应机制方面提供一些参考。

英文摘要：

Species distribution and population structure were the result of both present processes and past history. Habitat fragmentation caused by human overexploitation and globe worming was one of the main reasons for the endangered status of many species of Primula. This review tried to provide the theoretical base for primroses protection by summarizing the progress of primrose conservation genetics. The paleontology failed to give information of primro- ses speciation,while the phylogeography did it well. We also described the latest progress in primroses phylogeographies,and sorted out the patterns of divergence, which is important for precise prediction regarding the response of primroses to global climatic changes.