中文摘要：

放射性钾元素（40 K）是地球演化过程中重要的热源之一,钠（Na）则是俯冲带岩石中的重要组成元素之一。俯冲板块是地壳物质运输到深部地幔的载体,而石榴石和单斜辉石是其中常见的矿物,因此K和Na在单斜辉石和石榴石中行为的研究具有重要意义。本文分以下3个方面总结了近50年来自然界以及高温高压实验中K和Na在石榴石和单斜辉石中行为的研究进展：1含Na、K石榴石的发现及其形成机制,以及Na、K进入石榴石对其晶格所产生的影响;2含K单斜辉石的发现及其形成机制,以及K进入单斜辉石对其晶格所产生的影响;3含K基性岩体系的实验岩石学研究现状。K作为大离子亲石元素,在高温高压下能够分别以KX＋Si Y=（Ca,Mg）X＋Al Y和MgM1＋CaM2=Al M1＋KM2的机制进入石榴石和单斜辉石晶格中,对其从地表到深部地幔中的循环具有重要贡献;而在持续俯冲板块中,Na元素在单斜辉石消失后以NaX＋Si Y=（Ca,Mg）X＋Al Y的机制进入石榴石晶格中,继续被运输到更深的地幔中去。前人在模拟地幔温压条件下对含K玄武岩和单斜辉石体系的高温高压实验研究结果表明,单斜辉石中K2O含量及石榴石中的Na2O含量与压力呈正相关。然而,到目前为止,K和Na在俯冲带温压条件下的富K基性岩（如榴辉岩）体系中的行为仍有待进一步深入研究。

英文摘要：

40K could be an important heat source during the evolution of the earth in that it may serve as a sub-stantial heat source in the cores of the earth, sodium （Na） should be an important element in deep subducted slab, and subducted slab could transfer materials from the earth＇ s crust to deep mantle of the earth. Moreover, garnet and clinopyroxene are common minerals in subducted slab. This paper presents a review of the progress in natural discovery and experimental study of K and Na behavior between garnet and clinopyroxene in the past five decades： ① the discovery of Na/K bearing garnet and its forming mechanism and significance; ②the discovery of K bearing clinopyroxene and its forming mechanism and significance;③ experimental petrology study of K-bearing mafic-rock system. K, as a large ion lithophile element, could be incorporated into garnet and clinopyrox- ene under high pressure by substitution mechanisms of Kx ＋ SiY = （Ca, Mg）x ＋ A1r and Mg~1 ＋ CaMe = AlM1 ＋ KMe respectively. It is significant for the K recycling from the crust to the deep earth. In subducting slab, Na could still be transferred into deeper mantle when clibopyroxene is not stable any more by the substitution of Nax ＋SiY = （Ca, Mg）x ＋ AIY and the subsequent incorporation into garnet. K20 content in clinopyroxene and Na20 content in garnet present positive correlation with pressure according to previous high pressure-temperature experiments in K-bearing basalt/clinopyroxene systems under the mantle p-T conditions, while K and Na behavior in K-bearing basic rock system under the p-T condition of subducting slab remains rarely studied.