中文摘要：

摘要：海底地声信号的仿真研究是声呐回波信号研究的一个重要方向，在声呐设备性能检测、海底底质分类研究方面具有重要的价值。借助基于Kirchhoff近似的海底回波模型，比较研究了沉积物类型、海底界面起伏以及声波频率对声波散射强度的影响。并且对于长江口附近海域的几种典型海底底质类型，通过Matlab仿真出了相应的海底回波信号。

英文摘要：

The simulation study of acoustic signals at sea floor is an important research direction of sonar echo signal, which is of great value in sonar equipment performance testing and seabed sediment classification. A submarine echo model based on Kirchhoff approximation is used to study the influence of sediment type, submarine interface fluctuation and sound wave frequency on the scattering intensity. And the sea bottom echo signals of several typical submarine sediment types near the Changjiang Estuary are simulated by Matlab.