中文摘要：

有离子的液体的石油沥青质的溶解第一次被学习。结果证明离子的液体能被用作新奇溶剂 forasphaltenes.The 为沥青质的溶解管理离子的液体的能力的重要参数被讨论。它被发现那，离子的液体基于包含是强壮的氢键领受人的一个结合的芳香的核心或阴离子的阳离子是很有效的，而包含“非协调”的阴离子例如的离子的液体[BF_4 ]~ 并且[PF_6 ] 为沥青质的 ~-arenonsolvents。有效阴离子电荷密度的增加提高离子的液体的能力打破广泛的沥青质协会并且因此在离子的液体提高沥青质的溶解度。离子的液体的溶解能力与增加它的猫 ionic 头戒指的代替的烷基链长显然减少。温度被发现在沥青质的溶解上起一个重要作用，并且溶解能被微波加热显著地改进。

英文摘要：

The dissolution of petroleum asphaltenes with ionic liquids is studied for the first time. The results show that the ionic liquids could be used as novel solvents for asphaltenes. The important parameters governing the ability of ionic liquids for dissolution of asphaltenes are discussed. It is found that, the ionic liquids based on the cations containing a conjugated aromatic core or the anions which are strong hydrogen bond acceptors are most effective, whereas the ionic liquids containing ＇non coordinating＇ anions such as [BF4]^- and [PF6]^- are nonsolvents for asphaltenes. Increase in the effective anion charge density enhances the ability of ionic liquids to break the extensive asphaltene associations and thus enhances the solubility of asphaltenes in the ionic liquid. The dissolution ability of ionic liquid decreases apparently with increasing the substituted alkyl chain length of its cationic head ring. Temperature is found to play an important role on dissolution of asphaltenes, and the dissolution can be significantly imoroved bv microwave heatinz.