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中文摘要：
随着土壤侵蚀问题的日益突出,水土流失治理逐渐成为实现区域可持续发展的当务之急.通过在试验小流域实施治理措施并评价其效益是水土流失治理的传统范式,但这种范式存在试验周期长、可重复性差、资金和人工技术投入大、推广性差等局限性,已不能适应当前水土流失治理的需要.近年来兴起的基于流域过程模拟的情景分析方法在定量模拟流域过程对地理变量响应的基础上,通过评价不同治理措施的环境、生态和经济效益,探索能够协调经济发展与环境保护关系的水土流失治理措施.该方法能够在无需大范围工程实施和实地观测的情况下对各种治理措施的效益进行评价,花费少,灵活性强,在水土流失治理措施的决策制定中具有较大优势.本文详细阐述以情景分析方式作为水土流失治理新范式的基本思路,通过实例分析,演示新范式在治理流域水土流失中的应用,并展望新范式在流域治理中的未来发展趋势.
英文摘要：
With the increase of severe soil erosion problem,soil and water conservation has become an urgent concern for sustainable development.Small watershed experimental observation is the traditional paradigm for soil and water control.However,the establishment of experimental watershed usually takes long time,and has the limitations of poor repeatability and high cost.Moreover,the popularization of the results from the experimental watershed is limited for other areas due to the differences in watershed conditions.Therefore,it is not sufficient to completely rely on this old paradigm for soil and water loss control.Recently,scenario analysis based on watershed modeling has been introduced into watershed management,which can provide information about the effectiveness of different management practices based on the quantitative simulation of watershed processes.Because of its merits such as low cost,short period,and high repeatability,scenario analysis shows great potential in aiding the development of watershed management strategy.This paper elaborated a new paradigm using watershed modeling and scenario analysis for soil and water conservation,illustrated this new paradigm through two cases for practical watershed management,and explored the future development of this new soil and water conservation paradigm.
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