中文摘要：

目的通过检测铅中毒大鼠肝、肾功能及部分血液学指标,阐明铅暴露对发育期大鼠肝、肾功能及血液学指标的损伤作用,为铅中毒的毒性效应研究以及防治提供实验依据。方法大鼠醋酸铅饮水染毒建立模型,通过模型肝、肾功能及血液学指标的改变,探讨铅暴露对大鼠肝、肾功能的损伤作用。结果染铅大鼠血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）水平较对照组显著增高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;血清胆碱酯酶（CHE）水平较对照组显著降低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,提示肝细胞损伤;染铅大鼠血清尿素氮（BUN）、胱抑素C（CYS-C）水平较对照组显著增高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,提示肾小球率过滤及肾功能损伤;铅暴露大鼠红细胞、血红蛋白、血小板数量下降显著,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,提示贫血及凝血机制障碍。结论慢性铅暴露可以引起生长发育期大鼠的肝、肾功能损伤及贫血的发生。

英文摘要：

Objective By testing the growing rats′ liver function,kidney function and hematologic parameters,to clarify the damage of lead exposer on the growing rats′ liver and renal function and hematologic parameters,then to provide an experiment basis for study and control of toxic effects of lead poisoning.Methods The rat model of being exposed to lead poisoning was established by use of different concentrations of lead acetate in drinking water.Dynamic monitoring of blood lead levels in rats to determine the modeling success.Through changes of liver function,kidney function and hematological indicators in the rat model,to explore the impact of lead exposure′ damage on rat liver function,renal function.Results Rats exposed to lead in serum aspartate aminotransferase（AST）,alkaline phosphatase（ALP） level compared with the control group were significantly higher（P0.05）.Serum cholinesterase（CHE） level compared with the control group was significantly lower（P0.05）.Prompts lead exposure induced liver cell injury.Rats exposed to lead in serum urea（BUN） and cystatin C（CYS-C） levels compared with the control group were significantly higher（P0.05）.Prompts lead exposure induced rat glomerular filtration rate and renal dysfunction.The hematological analysis showed that the lead exposure of rat red blood cells,hemoglobin and platelet count decreased significantly（P0.05）.Prompts lead exposure induced anemia and coagulation disorders.Conclusion Chronic exposure to lead can cause the damage on the growing rat′s liver,function,renal function and it can also cause anemia.