中文摘要：

较全面地回顾与阐述了气旋波动研究进程及研究方法，其中包括Bjerknes气旋模式，以及BjerknesandSolherg（1922）提出的温带气旋生命循环和Petterssen（1956）对气旋温度结构的描述，并指出凝结潜热及地形对气旋发展的作用。还较详细地介绍了Petterssen（1956）气旋发展理论、倾斜涡度发展理论、来自准地转国方程及位涡思考的气旋生成理论，以及高空超长波系统发展与高空急流加强有利于低层爆发性气旋发展的学术观点，为气旋的研究提供了历史研究背景、研究思想及方法。

英文摘要：

The process and the methods in the study of synoptic cyclone was reviewed. The contents included Bjerknes＇ synoptic cyclone mode in the early period, the life cycle of Bjerknes＇s and Solberg＇s synoptic cyclones, and the tempera- ture structures of the cyclone described by Petterssen. Meanwhile, the impacts of latent heating and topography on the cyclone development were briefly introduced. Besides, the authors recounted the Petterssen cyclone development theory, slantwise vorticity development theory, the cyclone-genesis theory based on the quasi-geostrophic （QG） -w equation and the isentropic potential vorticity （IPV） thinking, and the academic view of the cyclone development induced by ultra-long wave development and upper level jet-stream acceleration. All these provided the historic background, the ideas and the methods in the cyclone studies.