中文摘要：

背景：既往对损伤骨骼肌的处理主要是修复肌膜及肌外神经。目的：实验拟观察肌内神经对损伤股直肌的修复作用。设计、时间及地点：随机对照动物实验。组织学观察，于2006-09／2007-08在重庆医科大学动物实验中心完成。材料：新西兰大白兔20只，体质量2．0～2．5kg，右侧股直肌用于制备骨骼肌损伤模型，左侧股直肌作为对照。方法：20只大白兔随机数字表法分为2组。肌内神经完整组采用不全离断方式，在神经入肌点以远4．0～5．0mm处横断股直肌而保留肌内神经完整，肌内神经断裂组采用完全离断方式在神经入肌点以远4．0～5．0mm处横断股直肌及肌内神经。主要观察指标：①术后28周测量股直肌的湿重、股直肌等长收缩力的变化。②苏木精-伊红染色观察股直肌形态变化，Masson三色染色观察纤维化程度，肌球蛋白三磷酸腺苷酶染色及还原型辅酶Ⅰ四唑氮还原酶染色区别肌纤维的类型，并计算肌纤维横断面面积。结果：①与对照侧相比，肌内神经断裂组实验侧股直肌湿重下降，等长收缩力下降（P〈0．05）。②与对照侧相比，肌内神经完整组Ⅰ型、Ⅱa型肌纤维横断面面积恢复较佳。Ⅱb型肌纤维较差（P〈0．05），各型肌纤维构成比例基本恢复；肌内神经断裂组Ⅰ型、Ⅱa型、Ⅱb型肌纤维横断面面积均恢复较差（P〈0．05）。结论：肌内神经能够促进损伤骨骼肌的肌纤维再生，减轻肌肉萎缩及纤维变性，恢复肌纤维的正常形态及组成方式，从而促进损伤骨骼肌的恢复。

英文摘要：

BACKGROUND： Generally, repairing the injuries of sketetal muxcle is to suture the epimysial and exterior muscular nerve. OBJECTIVE： To determine the intramuscular nerve effects on the recovery of lacerated musculus rectus femoris. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： The randomized control animal experiment was performed at the Animal Experimental Center, Chongqing Medical University from September 2006 to August 2007. MATERIALS： Twenty New Zealand rabbits weighing 2.0 2.5 kg were used to establish models of right skeletal muscle injury; left side was used as controls. METHODS： Twenty rabbits were randomly divided into two groups. Rabbits in the intact intramuscular nerve group underwent complete muscle laceration with intramuscular nerve intact. Musculus rectus femoris was traversed at 4.0-5.0 mm from nerve entry point. Rabbits in the intramuscular neurotmesis group underwent complete muscle laceration, but intramuscular nerve was cut concomitantly at the same place as above. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： 28 weeks after surgery, wet weight and isometric contraction of musculus rectus femoris were detected. Morphological change of musculus rectus femoris was observed by Hematoxylin ＆ Eosin Staining. Fibrous degree was measured by Masson triehrism staining. Myofibrillar type was examined by myosin ATPase staining and tetrazolium staining method of reduced coenzyme Ⅰ to calculate cross-sectional area of muscle fiber. RESULTS： Compared with the controls, wet weight and isometric contraction of musculus rectus femoris reduced in the intramuscular neurotrnesis group （P 〈 0.05）. Compared with the controls, cross-sectional area of type Ⅰ and Ⅱ a muscle fiber showed great improvement （P 〈 0.05）, but type Ⅱ b was not good （P 〈 0.05）. Constituent ratio of muscle fiber was mostly recovered in all types. Cross-sectional area of type Ⅰ,Ⅱ a and Ⅱ b was poorly recovered in the intramuscular neurotmesis group （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Intramuscular nerve promotes the muscle fiber regeneration