中文摘要：

该研究采用形态和显微结构观察方法,并结合基于转录组测序和差异表达基因富集分析,研究梭梭叶苞状虫瘿的生长发育特点以及梭梭叶苞状虫瘿与梭梭之间的相互关系,为昆虫与植物协同进化和梭梭虫害防治提供理论依据。结果表明：（1）叶苞状虫瘿的生长发育阶段可以分为3个时期,生长期、形成期和衰亡期。（2）在生长期和形成期的叶苞状虫瘿与梭梭同化枝、鳞叶部位的解剖结构有明显的差别：生长期叶苞状虫瘿的表皮细胞外的角质层损伤,但表皮细胞完整、形态差异不大、排列紧密,没有栅栏细胞组织和花环结构,只有含水量较高的海绵组织,且细胞比同化枝和鳞片小而密,细胞数量是鳞片中的2倍左右,维管柱直径比同化枝和鳞片小;形成期叶苞状虫瘿的表皮细胞外的角质层受到严重损伤,表皮细胞不完整、形态差异大、排列疏松,海绵组织含水量严重减少,维管组织不明显。（3）梭梭叶苞状虫瘿中与植物细胞正常发育相关、光合作用相关的基因富集下调表达,与胁迫相关基因富集上调表达。研究认为,梭梭的叶苞状虫瘿只为促进木虱的生长发育,在提高梭梭光合作用方面没有作用。

英文摘要：

The growth and development characteristics and relationship between the galls and Haloccylon amznodendron were studied through the observation of the morphology and microstructure of the leafy galls in H. ammodendron and the enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes based on transcrip- tome sequencing, for the aim to provide a theoretical basis for the coevolution of insect and plant and the pest control of H. amrnodendron. The results showed： （1） the growth stage of the leafy galls can be di- vided into 3 periods： growth period, formation period and decay period. （2） There were obvious differ- ences in the anatomical structure of the leafy gall and the assimilating branch and scale leaf of H. amrno- dendron in the growing period and the formation period： In the growth period of leafy-bracted gall, the cu- ticle is damaged outer epidermal cells, but epidermal cells intact, little morphological differences and tightly stacking, it no palisade cells and kranz anatomy, only spongy tissues with high water content, and the cells are small and dense than that of the assimilation branches and scales, the number of cells is about 2 times the scale, and the diameter of the vascular cylinder is smaller than that of the assimilating branch and scale leaf; In the formation period of leafy-bracted gall, the cuticle is severely damaged outer epidermal cells, the shape of large differences, loose arrangement, sponge tissue water content is seriously reduced, vascular tissue is not obvious. （3） The expression of gene enrichment related to the normal development of plant cells and photosynthesis in H. amraodendron was down-regulated, while the expression of stress-re- lated enrichment was up-regulated. It is considered that the leafy galls of H. ammodendron only promote the growth and development of psyllids, and have no effect on improving the photosynthesis of H. ammodendron.