中文摘要：

目的 分析兔视神经损伤后神经再生与Nogo-A、生长相关蛋白-43（GAP-43）基因表达的关系,探讨其在视神经损伤后轴突再生和修复的作用机制.方法 建立兔视神经钳夹损伤模型,根据药物干预的不同分为单纯损伤组、Rho抑制剂组、地塞米松组及生理盐水组.通过免疫组织化学分析单纯损伤组在造模后第7天Nogo-A、GAP-43阳性表达;反转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）及Western blot分析不同药物干预组在不同时间点的Nogo-A及GAP-43基因表达水平的变化.结果 免疫组织化学结果显示,损伤后第7天,可在视神经的病理切片中看到Nogo-A表达呈强阳性,各组织层次的表达均明显增加.RT-PCR实验显示视神经损伤后Nogo-A的相对表达量随着时间的增加,表达量上升,第14天达到峰值.而GAP-43的相对表达量与造模时间同样呈正相关,峰值出现在第7天.结论 Nogo-A、GAP-43基因共同参与视神经损伤后轴突的再生进程.Rho抑制剂可抑制Nogo-A基因的表达,促进GAP-43表达水平上调.

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the relationship between the Nogo-A and growth associated protein-43 （GAP-43） expressions after optic nerve injury in rabbits and to explore the mechanisms of axonal regeneration and repair after nerve injury.Methods A rabbit model of optic nerve crush injury was established.All rabbits were divided into four groups including pure injury group, Rho inhibitor group, dexamethasone group and saline group depending on the different drug intervention.The expression of Nogo-A were analyzed by immunohistochemical on day 7 post-injury, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） and Western blotting analysis were carried out for testing and comparing the expression levels of Nogo-A and GAP-43 in different drug intervention groups at different four time points.Results Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the expression of Nogo-A in the retina was significantly increased at the first seven days.The relative expression of Nogo-A of the optic nerve were increased in a time-dependent manner, peaked on day 14 while the relative expression of GAP-43 was as same with the peak appeared at day 7.Conclusion This study showed that Nogo-A and GAP-43 gene are involved in the axon regeneration process of optic nerve.Rho inhibitors may inhibit the expression of Nogo-A gene but promote the GAP-43 expression level.All these provide experimental evidence for the drugs of Rho/Rock signaling pathway of treating optic nerve injury.