中文摘要：

目的：骨髓间充质干细胞（bone mesenchymal stem cells，BMSCs）是一种具有自我更新、增殖和分化能力的多潜能干细胞，对在骨形成过程中具有的重要作用，并且与中医理论中的“肾精”具有一定的相似性。近年来国内外学者对于 BMSCs 在骨形成中的作用及相关中医基础理论进行了大量研究，本文通过对相关研究的梳理，对BMSCs在骨形成过程中的作用及中医药研究进展作综述。 BMSCs的体外扩增和成骨特性已受关注，可作为骨组织工程的种子细胞具有一定的理论及实践意义，并且中医药对BMSCs成骨诱导的研究已积累一定的经验，可以看出中药诱导BMSCs成骨分化主要集中于补肾药，包括单味补肾药、单味补肾药的有效成分及以补肾药为主要构成的复方，充分阐释了“肾主骨、生髓”理论的科学内涵。

英文摘要：

Bone mesenchymal stem cells （ BMSCs） are multi-potential stem cells with the ability of self-renew, proliferation, and differentiation, which play an important role in the process of bone formation and also have some similarity with“kidney essence”in the theory of traditional Chinese medicine （ TCM） .In recent years, many researches concerning the effect of BMSCs on bone formation and relevant Chinese medicine theory are conducted by national and international scholars.On the basis of these studies, this paper summarizes the effect of BMSCs on bone formation and the research progress in TCM.The in vitro culture of BMSCs and its characteristic of osteogenesis have gained much attention.The application of BMSCs as seed cells in bone tissue engineering has certain theoretical and practical significance.And the studies of TCM on the induction of BMSCs osteogenic differentiation have accumulated much experience, which shows that the TCM drugs inducing BMSCs osteogenic differentiation mostly are drugs tonifying the kidney, including the single-drug tonifying the kidney, the effective ingredients of single-drug tonifying the kidney, and the compound of drugs tonifying the kidney, fully elucidating the scientific connotation of the theory of“kidney governing bones and generating bone marrow”.