中文摘要：

【目的】研究新疆红肉苹果（Malus sieversii f.neidzwetzkyana（Dieck）Langenf.）与‘富士’（M.domestica cv.Fuji）等苹果品种杂交后代株系间果实类黄酮合成差异的分子机理,为进一步完善功能型苹果育种的理论与技术体系提供科学依据。【方法】以紫红2号及红脆1、2、4号等红肉程度存在明显差异的4个苹果株系发育后期的果实为试材,进行MYB10启动子基因型鉴定,并测定类黄酮组分和含量,分析类黄酮合成相关基因的表达。【结果】红脆1、2、4号MYB10启动子基因型均是R6R1型,而紫红2号启动子类型为R6R6型。红脆1号和紫红2号果实成熟期类黄酮含量分别为3.0 mg·g^-1和3.1 mg·g^-1;紫红2号花青苷含量（23.9 U·g^-1 FW）是红脆1号（12.2 U·g^-1 FW）的2倍,其他类黄酮组分含量（1 635.3 mg·kg^-1）仅是红脆1号的69%。紫红2号MYB10和UFGT等转录因子及花青苷合成基因在果实发育后期（花后110—125 d）均具有较高的表达量;红脆4号的MYB10虽然在果实发育后期（花后110—125 d）表达量较高,但b HLH3、TTG1、ANS和UFGT表达量较低。红脆1、2、4号类黄酮组分含量分别为2 355.0、1 247.5和1 337.5 mg·kg^-1,差异显著;红脆1号MYB12转录因子及FLS、LAR和ANR等类黄酮生物合成相关结构基因表达量较高,而MYB16和MYB111表达量较低;红脆2、4号MYB12转录因子及FLS、LAR和ANR等类黄酮生物合成相关结构基因表达量较低,而MYB16和MYB111转录因子表达量较高。【结论】MYB10、b HLH3和TTG1等转录因子及ANS和UFGT等花青苷生物合成结构基因在果实发育后期高水平表达,可能是导致紫红2号成熟期果肉花青苷含量高的主要原因,而MYB12、MYB16和MYB111等转录因子及DFR、FLS、LAR和ANR类黄酮生物合成相关结构基因的差异表达,可能是导致红脆1、2、4号等3个株系类黄酮组分及含量差异的主要原因。

英文摘要：

【Objective】In order to develop the theory and breeding technology of functional apple, the molecular mechanism of the differences of flavonoid biosynthesis in several cross progenies of Malus sieversii f.neidzwetzkyana and M. domestica cv. Fuji was studied. 【Method】 Four apple stains（Zihong NO.2, Hongcui NO.1, Hongcui NO.2 and Hongcui NO.4） with significant difference in red-flesh degree during the latter growth period were used as materials. The type of MYB10 promoter was identified, and the components and contents of flavonoids and the relative expressions of related genes were determined.【Result】The type of MYB10 promoter in Hongcui NO.1, Hongcui NO.2, and Hongcui NO.4 was R6R1, and that of Zihong NO.2 was R6R6. The contents of flavonoids in the mature period between Hongcui NO.1（3.0 mg.g^-1） and Zihong NO.2（3.1 mg·g^-1） were equivalent, while the anthocyanin content in Zihong NO.2（23.9 U·g^-1 FW） was twice as that in Hongcui NO.1（12.2 U·g^-1FW）, and other contents of flavonoid of anthocyanin in Zihong NO.2（1 635.3 mg·kg^-1） was only 69% of that in Hongcui NO.1（2 355.0 mg·kg^-1）. The transcription factors and anthocyanin biosynthesis genes such as MYB10 and UFGT in Zihong NO.2 had higher expression during the latter growth period（110~（-1）25 d）. The expression of MYB10 in Hongcui NO.4 during the latter growth period（110~（-1）25 d） was higher, but the expression of b HLH3, TTG1, ANS and UFGT were lower. The contents of flavonoid components among Hongcui NO.1（2 355.0 mg·kg^-1）, Hongcui NO.2（1 247.5 mg·kg^-1） and Hongcui NO.4（1 337.5 mg·kg^-1） indicated significant differences. In Hongcui NO.1, the MYB12, FLS, LAR and ANR showed higher expression, while the expression of MYB16 and MYB111 were lower. The MYB12, FLS, LAR and ANR in Hongcui NO.2 and Hongcui NO.4 showed lower expression, while the expression of MYB16 and MYB111 were higher.【Conclusion】The transcription factors, such as MYB10, BHLH3, TTG1, and the structure genes which were