中文摘要：

自由设站法是在待测控制点上后视已知控制点进行距离和角度测量,从而精确计算其坐标的方法.利用自由设站法控制测量的方法建立临时控制点,对建筑物（构筑物）进行变形监测,基于间接平差法原理,主要对自由设站待定控制点坐标和变形监测点坐标联合平差计算进行研究,建立了监测点坐标平差计算模型,对其精度进行了分析,并进行监测试验,结果表明,监测精度符合要求.为在已知控制点与监测点不通视条件下的变形监测工作提供了合理的监测、计算平差方法.

英文摘要：

The free-station positioning is a method for the coordinate calculation of desired control points by means of processing the distance and angle measurement of unknown and known control points,based on back sight of known control points.The paper conducted the deformation monitor of a building（structure） with temporary control points,which was established by a control survey method of the free-station positioning.An adjustment method was carried out with the combined adjustment of control points of free-station positioning and deformation monitor points by the adjustment of indirect observations.A calculation model of adjustment on the coordinate of monitoring points was established,and its accuracy was analyzed,so as to provide a reasonable adjustment calculation method for the deformation monitor under invisibility conditions between known control points and monitoring points.