中文摘要：

采用SBR反应器培养丝状菌颗粒污泥,反应器运行第18、23、27 d依次出现普通好氧活性污泥黄色颗粒、黑色丝状真菌颗粒,及具有光滑表面的白色微丝菌颗粒.对出现的以上3种颗粒污泥进行风干实验,分析了不同类型颗粒表面结合自由水和毛细水的分布特性：丝状菌形成的黑色和白色颗粒表面结合的自由水分别为79%和83%,而传统的以细菌为优势菌群的黄色颗粒中自由水为64%,表明颗粒表面积、表面开口孔隙以及内部孔隙率由大到小的排序为：白色、黑色和黄色颗粒.根据风干过程中不同阶段的速率可以推断,白色和黑色的颗粒表面基质交换速度较快,易形成松散的大颗粒,不利于颗粒的稳定.另外,颗粒切片的图像分析结果也显示丝状菌颗粒孔隙率较黄色的细菌颗粒大.颗粒化的丝状菌具有较高的生物活性,表现出良好的COD降解和脱氮性能.黑色和白色丝状菌颗粒的SOUR分别是普通黄色细菌颗粒的1.29和1.26倍.

英文摘要：

Filamentous granules were cultivated using a sequencing batch reactor.The yellowish bacteria dominated granules,black fungi dominated granules and Microthrix parvicella dominated white smooth granules occurred in the reactor on the day 18,23 and 27 respectively.Distribution of surface related free water and capillary water were analysis using air drying method.It was found that the surface related free water in the black and white filamentous granules was 79% and 83%,respectively,and that in the conventional bacteria granules were 64%,suggesting that the surface area opening ratio of surface and porosity decreased in the order of white,black and yellowish granules.According to the air drying rate in different phases of granules,it can be inferred that the white and black filamentous granules could rapidly exchange the substrates on the surface and consequently prone to be big and loose,which discourages the stability of granules.Additionally,the section image showed that filamentous granules were more porous than the black bacteria granules.Filamentous granules exhibited encouraging COD and nitrogen removal efficiencies.The black and white filamentous granules showed higher bioactivity with the oxygen up-take rate（SOUR） of 1.29 and 1.26 fold of the conventional yellowish granules.