中文摘要：

高度有序的TiO2纳米管阵列能够减少界面复合、提高载流子定向传输效率以及增加光散射，从而使其在染料敏化太阳能电池（DSSCs）中具有潜在的应用价值．纳米管的表面形貌和结构（如长度、壁厚、管直径和管间距）等都会对电池效率产生一定的影响．本文采用阳极氧化的方法，用甲酰胺（FA）、乙二醇（EG）、少量的水以及氟化铵作为电解液，成功制备了具有不同粗糙度的TiO2纳米管阵列．随着FA和EG比例的不同，纳米管的管口直径在72～120nm之间变化，同时，管壁也在19—47nm之间变化．随着FA含量的增加，管壁的粗糙度也逐渐增加．将该TiO2纳米管阵列作为光阳极应用于DSSCs中，发现开路电压和壁厚密切相关，短路电流密度与管长和管间距等因素也有着紧密的联系，这些结果为进一步研发不同结构的TiO2纳米管阵列在DSSCs中的应用提供了理论与实验依据．

英文摘要：

Highly ordered titania （TiO2） nanotube arrays exhibit great potential in the applications of dye-sensitized solar cells （DSSCs） due to their reduced interface recombination, vectorial electron transport, and enhanced light scattering. The morphology and structure of the TiO2 nanotube arrays （such as length, wall thickness, pore diameter, and inter-tube spacing） may have a huge impact on the performance of DSSCs. In this work, TiO2 nanotube arrays with different rough surface were prepared by a simple electrochemical anodization method in an electrolyte containing formamide （FA）, ethylene glycol （EG）, water, and ammonium fluoride （NH4F）. Dependent on the volume ratio of FA to EG, pore diameter of the resultant nanotube arrays ranges from 72 to 120 nm, and tube wall thickness ranges from 19 to 47 nm. A high volume ratio of FA to EG results in a fully separated nanotube arrays with rough surface. It is found that open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current density of DSSCs are closely related to the wall thickness, length, and surface morphology.