中文摘要：

采用环氧-开环的方法制备润滑油基础油,以菜籽油甲酯为原料合成环氧菜籽油甲酯,再与乙醇在催化剂NaHSO_4催化作用下进行异构化开环反应;实验考察了催化剂类型、醇油物质的量比、反应时间、催化剂用量和反应温度等对环氧菜籽油甲酯和乙醇开环反应的影响,同时对开环产物进行结构表征和性能分析。研究表明：当NaHSO_4作催化剂时,异构化改性效果最好,产物容易后处理且油样色泽好;最佳反应工艺条件为醇油物质的量比为4∶1,反应时间为12h,反应温度为85℃,催化剂用量为1.5%（催化剂质量/环氧菜籽油甲酯的质量）时,合成的润滑油基础油的环氧值为0.062%,40℃黏度为54.45mm^2/s,闪点为222℃,氧化诱导时间为34min,最大无卡咬负荷P_B为980N,磨斑直径0.38mm;通过红外光谱对原料及产物进行结构表征,可知在催化剂的作用下环氧菜籽油甲酯和乙醇发生了开环反应所合成的润滑油基础油的性能比菜籽油甲酯和环氧菜籽油甲酯好,开环产物黏度大,闪点高,氧化稳定性好,钢球表面磨斑直径减小,P_B增大,摩擦性能好,可以作为润滑油基础油使用。

英文摘要：

The biogradable lubricant base stock was prepared by epoxidation and the ring opening method in this paper.The sythesis parameters and the products properties were investigated.Based on the experiment design,the epoxy rapeseed oil methyl ester was prepared with rapeseed oil methyl ester as material,and then modified through ring opening reaction with ethanol as alcohol source,catalyzed by sodium bisulfate catalyst.The optimal reaction conditions were investigated through studying a series of factors.The results show that the sodium bisulfate catalyst is better than other catalysts.The best preparation conditions obtained in the research are as follows：molar ratio ethanol to oil 4∶1,reaction time 12 h,reaction temperature 85℃,catalyst dosage 1.5%.Through experimental detecting,the epoxy value of synthetic lubricant base stock is 0.062%,the viscosity of 40℃is 54.45mm^2/s,flash point is 222℃,oxidative induction time is 34 min,P_B value is 980 N,wear scar diameter is 0.38 mm.These samples including the raw materials and the ring opening product were confirmed by physical and chemical properties test methods.The finding of this study shows that the ring opening of epoxy rapeseed oil methyl ester has good viscosity temperature performance,high flash point,good oxidative stability small steel ball surface wear scar diameter,and excellent tribological properties,which can be used as the lubricant base stock.