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中文摘要：
梯度功能材料是基于一种全新的材料设计概念而开发的新型功能材料。陶瓷-金属FGM的主要结构特点是各梯度层由不同体积浓度的陶瓷和金属组成，材料在升温和降温过程中宏观梯度层间产生热应力，每一梯度层中细观增强相和基体的热物性失配将产生单层热应力，从而导致材料整体的破坏。采用云纹干涉法，对具有四个梯度层的SiC／A1梯度功能材料分别在机载、热载及两者共同作用下进行了应变测试，分别得到了这三种情况下每梯度层同一位置的纵向应变，横向应变和剪应变值。
英文摘要：
Functionally Graded Materials are new type composite materials developed on the basis of new materials design. The main structure characteristic of porcelain metal FGM is that gradient layers are composed of different volume concentration porcelain and metal. During the process of materials temperature rising and falling, gradient layers macroscopically bring thermal stress; every gradient layer can fail~ then reducing broken. Moiré interferometry was aplied to test strain distribution on SiC/A1 functionally graded material that has four gradient layers subjected thermal and concentrated load. Then the lognitudinal strain εy, transverse strain εx and shear strain γxy of each layer were obtained respectively in three conditions.
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