中文摘要：

采用Biolog ECO微平板和454焦磷酸测序技术,研究牡丹皮五产区不同生长发育时期药用牡丹根际土壤微生物的整体活性和真菌的多样性,旨在探讨中药材道地性与土壤微生物的相关性。结果表明五产区牡丹4个生长时期根际土壤的平均颜色变化率值呈升高趋势。按相似性97%分类标准可将测序获得的272 463条优质序列分为9 703个可操作分类单元;排除12%-58%未名真菌,五产区药用牡丹根际土壤检出真菌5门、22纲、70目、139科、266属,可分为Blastocladiales、Chytridiomycota、Dikarya、Glomeromycetes四大支系。其中Leptosphaeria等24属真菌在各产区均有分布,Curvularia等6属仅分布于道地产区;Guehomyces、Exophiala、Fusarium为道地产区优势属,Leptosphaeria、Cryptococcus、Exophiala、Fusarium、Ceratobasidium为非道地产区优势属。PCo A分析表明铜陵和南陵产区4个时期以及菏泽产区的萌芽期、果期真菌组成较为接近。Heatmap显示铜陵和南陵产区根际土壤真菌群落结构系统发育相似,亳州、菏泽和洛阳三产区的相似。总体而言,牡丹道地产区微生物整体活性高于非道地产区,根际土壤真菌在各产区大多呈现特异性分布,不仅种群组成多样、潜在新菌种丰富,而且道地产区真菌系统发育相似性较高。

英文摘要：

Paeonia suffruticosa also named Moutan that cultivated in five geographic regions during different growth stages were chosen in this study. Biolog and 454 pyrosequencing technology were used to detect the whole microbial activity and fungal diversity for exploring the relationship between the geo-authentic features of the medicinal plant and the rhizosphere microorganism. The results suggest that the value of average well color development（AWCD） from the rhizosphere soil of P. suffruticosa in the five regions at the four growth stage have an increasing tendency. 9 703 operational taxonomic unit（OTU） were obtained from 272 463 high quality sequences according to the similarity of 97% by the pyrosequencing. Fungi in five phyla, twenty-two classes, seventy orders, one hundred and thirty-nine families and two hundred and sixty-six genera were detected in the five regions excluding twelve percent to fifty-eight percent unidentified fungi. They were divided into four branches, i.e. Blastocladiales, Chytridiomycota, Dikarya and Glomeromycetes. Twenty-four genera such as Leptosphaeria were found in the five regions while six genera such as Curvularia were only detected in the geo-authentic regions. The dominant genera were Guehomyces, Exophiala and Fusarium in geo-authentic regions, whereas genus Leptosphaeria, Cryptococcus, Exophiala, Fusarium and Ceratobasidium in non-authentic regions. The results from principal co-ordinates analysis（PCo A） showed that the fungi formations were similar in Tongling and Nanling region at four different growth stages, and the same in Heze at the leaf bud and fruiting stage. According to heatmap analysis, Tongling and Nanling region showed a close similarity in fungal community structures on phylogenetic analysis, while Bozhou, Heze and Luoyang showed the same. In brief, the whole microbial activity was higher in geo-authentic regions than the non-authentic. Fungi in rhizosphere soil of the medicinal peony presented diversity and region specificity. We found not only the abund