中文摘要：

目的 ：观察大鼠视神经挫伤后视网膜内质网应激（endoplasmic reticulum stress,ERS）变化。方法 ：复制大鼠视神经挫伤（optic nerve crush,ONC）模型。实验分正常对照组、假手术组和ONC组。用TUNEL方法检测细胞凋亡;用蛋白印迹技术检测凋亡相关蛋白表达和ERS相关蛋白表达;观察大鼠视网膜病理变化、检测神经节细胞（retinal ganglion cells,RGCs）数量和视网膜内侧部分厚度（retinal thickness of inner part,RTIP）。结果 ：与正常对照组比较,假手术组大鼠视网膜RGCs数量、RTIP未见明显变化;与假手术组比较,ONC 7～21 d组大鼠RGCs数量、RTIP分别呈时间依赖性数量减少、厚度变薄,ONC 3 d组TUNEL阳性细胞数量明显增多、主要分布于RGCs,细胞凋亡相关蛋白Cleaved caspase-3、Cleaved PARP-1和ERS相关蛋白GRP78、CHOP和caspase 12蛋白表达明显上调。结论 ：ONC能够诱导大鼠视网膜发生ERS,ERS可能是神经节细胞死亡的机制之一。

英文摘要：

Objective： The changes of endoplasmic reticulum stress（ERS） in retina were investigated in optic nerve crush （ONC） of rats. Methods： ONC model of rats was established. Experiments were divided into normal control, sham and ONC groups. Apoptosis cells were detected with TUNEL. Apoptosis-related proteins such as cleaved caspase 3 and PARP-1 as well as ERS-related proteins such as GRP78, CHOP and cleaved caspase 12 were mesured with Western Blot. Retinal pathology, retinal ganglion cells（RGCs） and retinal thickness of inner part（RTIP） were mesured. Results： RGCs numbers and RTIP in ONC group repectively became more fewer and thiner compared with those of sham group in time-dependent manner. Apoptosis-related proteins such as cleaved caspase 3 and PARP-1 as well as ERS-related proteins such as GRP78, CHOP and cleaved 12 were upregulated in ONC group compared with those of sham group. Conclusion： ONC induced ERS in the retina of rats, latter might eontibute to RGC death during ONC.