中文摘要：

运用我国1982—2011年28个省的面板数据，通过引入城镇化影响城乡收入差距的整体效应、地区效应、时间效应三个模型，考察了城镇化影响城乡收入差距的年度差异与省级地区差异。研究结果表明，城镇化并不会必然缩小城乡收入差距，它与城镇化所处的发展阶段以及城乡收入差距的大小有关。从时间进程来说，城镇化对城乡收入差距的作用有先缩小、后扩大、再缩小的三阶段变化规律；从地区差异来说，经济发达、城镇化水平高、农业劳动力丰富的地区随着城镇化的进一步加速，城乡收入差距扩大的趋势有可能得到缓解，对经济欠发达、城镇化水平低、农业劳动力稀缺的地区来说，城镇化有可能进一步扩大城乡收入差距。因此，政府应根据不同的发展阶段与不同地区的实际情况制定差异化的城镇化发展策略。

英文摘要：

Using the panel data of 28 provinces from 1982 to 2011 and three models of overall effect model, regional effect model and time effect model, this essay studies the annual and regional differences of urbanization influencing urban - rural income gap. The results show that urbanization does not neces- sarily reduce the urban - rural income gap, but is related to the stage of urbanization development as well as the size of urban - rural income gap. For the time effect, it is found that the influence varies in three stages： reducing, enlarging and reducing again. From the perspective of regional influence, the urban - rural income gap of areas with rapid economic increase, high - level urbanization, and abundant agricultural labors, trends to be narrowed with the development of urbanization. On the contrary, for areas with low economic increase, low level of urbanization, and scarce agricultural labors, urbanization is likely to expand the urban - rural income gap. Therefore, government should adopt different urbanization policies on the basis of the realities in different regions and periods.