中文摘要：

为了快速获取大面积海域声速剖面（SSP）,介绍了一套具有全球差分定位（DGPS）、短波通信等功能的声纳浮标系统.传统的基于声传播时间的声速剖面反演,由于需要搜索不同声速剖面时的特征声线,存在速度慢的问题.为此,提出采用微扰法快速计算声传播时间,并以之为代价函数反演了南海某海域声速剖面.实验结果表明：该声纳浮标在4级海况下具有良好的可靠性与稳定性;与传统方法相比,虽然微扰法反演的精度下降了近1倍,但是计算时间由10h减少到了3 s;文中所提出的声纳系统与反演算法能满足声速剖面海上实时监测的要求.

英文摘要：

A sonobuoy system with the functions of difference global positioning system （DGPS） and short-wave communication is presented to acquire the sound speed profile （SSP） in a large area of sea as quickly as possible.The conventional SSP inversion algorithms based on sound transmission time have to trace eigen ray for every SSP,influencing the inversion speed.A perturbation method is proposed to calculate the sound transmission time quickly,and the time is used as cost function to invert SSP in some area of South China Sea.Results indicate that the sonobuoy is stable and reliable under four level sea state.Although the root mean square （RMS） error is doubled in comparison with that by conventional algorithms,the calculating time can be reduced from 10 hours to 3 seconds by perturbation method.Therefore the sonobuoy system and inversion algorithm introduced in this paper can satisfy the demand of real-time SSP monitoring.