中文摘要：

核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域（NOD）蛋白是自然免疫系统细胞质型模式识别受体中的重要家族成员之一，在机体自然免疫应答中发挥着独特的功能。NOD蛋白和细菌的某些病原体相关分子模式的相互识别和作用与多种临床疾病有关。本文就NOD蛋白的生物学特性、成牙本质细胞和牙髓成纤维细胞的免疫作用、NOD蛋白在牙髓细胞中的表达等研究进展作一综述，以期为了解牙髓炎的病理机制，预防和治疗牙髓病提供新的思路。

英文摘要：

Recent studies reveal that the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain（NOD） is an important family of cytosolic pattern recognition receptors that have a distinct function in the innate immune system. The recognition and interaction between NOD and pathogen-associated molecular patterns are related to many types of clinical diseases. This study reviews the biological characteristics of NOD, immune functions of odontoblasts and dental pulp fibroblasts, and the expression of NOD in dental pulp cells. The results provide novel insights that can help improve the current understanding of the pathogenesis ofpulpitis, prevention of the disease, and endodontic treatment.