中文摘要：

为了降低高速客车车体的弹性振动,提出在车体表面进行压电分流阻尼处理的方案。在将车体视为两端自由等截面欧拉梁的基础上,建立铁道客车刚柔耦合系统垂向动力学模型,模型中包含车体结构阻尼和压电元件。通过幅频特性分析确定系统各部件固有模态。选取压电元件,比较分流电路,确定压电陶瓷最佳安装位置,建立压电分流电路数学模型。数值分析显示：车体一阶弯曲自振频率接近人体振动敏感区域,必须首先降低一阶弯曲振动。对于车体一阶弯曲振动的控制,压电元件应该贴附在车体中部。压电分流电路的电感值与电阻值取最优值时,可明显降低车体一阶弯曲振动峰值。

英文摘要：

To suppress the vibration of the elastic body of a high speed passenger car,piezoelectric shunt damping treatment on the outside sheathing of the carbody is proposed.A mathematical model of the vertical vibration on the rigid-flexible coupling system of a railway passenger car is established,in which the carbody is modeled as a simple uniform elastic Euler beam with free ends.The model consists of the structure damping and piezoelectric elements.The natural frequency of the vehicle system components is calculated based on the amplitude-frequency characteristic analysis.The kinds of piezoelectric elements and shunting damping circuits are selected,the optimal installation location of piezoelectric ceramic is determined,and the model of the shunting damping circuit is established.Numerical calculations are performed to illustrate that the first bending vibration mode of the car body occurs near the frequency region where riding comfort is most affected.First of all,this vibration should be suppressed.In order to reduce the first order vertical bending vibration,piezoelectric elements should be pasted in the carbody center.When the optimal inductance and resistance of the piezoelectric shunting circuit are obtained,the peak of the first order vertical bending vibration peak can be reduced obviously.