中文摘要：

大脑神经回路高度有序的神经元活动是高级脑功能的基础,神经元之间的突触联结是神经回路的关键功能节点。神经突触根据神经元活动调整其传递效能的能力,亦即突触可塑性,被认为是神经回路发育和学习与记忆功能的基础。其异常则可能导致如抑郁症和阿尔茨海默病等精神、神经疾病。将介绍这两种疾病与突触可塑性的关系,聚焦于相关分子和细胞机制以及新的研究、治疗手段等进展。

英文摘要：

Myriad synapses are functional nodes in brain＇s neuronal circuits, within which highly ordered neuronal activity forms the basis of higher brain functions. Synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change their efficacy in response to neuronal activity, is believed to underlie the development of functional brain circuits as well as learning and memory functions. Abnormality in synaptic plasticity could result in psychiatric disorders such as depression and neural degeneration such as Alzheimer＇s disease. Here we review recent studies that link synaptic plasticity to the two devastating brain diseases, focusing on underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms, which in turn lead to new therapeutic strategies.