中文摘要：

针对渤海海域日益严峻的溢油风险问题,在对渤海海域溢油事故历史数据分析的基础上,将渤海海域溢油源离散为有限个溢油点,采用事件树分析法确定各溢油点的风险等级,评估各溢油点对应急力量的需求,并对渤海周边可建立应急基地的具体位置进行费效分析,确定各应急基地的总灾难转移费用指标。还结合溢油点和应急点的位置关系,探讨了渤海海域溢油应急基地的多目标优化选址问题,采用遗传算法对优化问题进行求解。研究结果表明：在现有绥中、塘沽、龙口3个溢油应急基地的基础上,在东营、营口、大连3个地方规划建设溢油应急基地,是渤海海域海上应急基地设置的最优化方案。

英文摘要：

In response to the increasingly serious risk of oil spill in the Bohai Sea, in this paper, we discretize the oil spill sources into categories based on a historical analysis of oil spill accident data in the Bohai Sea. We use event tree analysis to determine the risk level of each oil-spill point, and evaluate the rescue effort requirements at each point. We develop a total disaster transfer cost index by using cost and benefit analysis to determine the best location in which to build a emergency base in the Bohai Sea. We consider the relations between oil spills and emer- gency bases, describe the multi-objective optimization model for oil-spill assistant site selection in the Bohai Sea, and adopt the genetic algorithm to solve the problem. Based on the results from three existing oil spill emergency bases at Suizhong, Tanggu, and Longkou, we found the planning of the oil spill emergency bases in Dongying, Yingkou, and Dalian to be the optimal scheme for maritime emergency bases in the Bohai Sea.