中文摘要：

粮食最低收购价政策的有效性事关国家粮食安全大计。笔者以小麦为例，对其最低收购价政策执行前后、执行省区与非执行省区产出的总量、结构与效率进行动态及静态比较，结果表明，小麦最低收购价政策托市效应较为明显，执行省区小麦的产出集中度、播种面积、单产、销售价格以及规模报酬优势稳步提升；同时，最低收购价对非执行省区的“基准价”功能以及辐射传导作用使政策托市效应一定程度上也溢向了非执行省区。适度扩大粮食最低收购价政策的范围与品种，对保障国家粮食安全、提高粮农收入有重要作用。

英文摘要：

This paper, taking wheat as an example, makes dynamic and static comparisons before and after the execution of crops＇ minimum purchase prices, output gross of executive areas and non executive areas, structure and efficiency. The results show that ： the effect of propping up the market of the wheat minimum purchase price policy is more obvious, the output concentration, acreage, yield, selling price and the returns to scale advantages of the policy executive areas have steadily improved ; at the same time, the ＂reference price＂ function and radiation conduction of the effect of policy on non executive areas, make the effect of propping up the market overflow to the non-executive to a certain extent. Therefore, a moderate expansion of the scope and variety of crops＇ minimum purchase price policy will have an important role in the protection of national grain security and the income raise of grain farmers.