目的系统评价托吡酯对非典型抗精神病药物所引起体质量增加和糖脂代谢紊乱的控制效果。方法计算机检索MEDLINE、EMBASE、PsycINFO、TheCochraneLibrary、中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库和万方数据数据库,检索文献起始年份不限,截止至2015年2月,收集关于托吡酯预防和治疗非典型抗精神病药物引起的体质量增加的随机对照试验。由2名研究者独立进行文献筛选、资料提取和文献偏倚风险质量评价,采用RevMan5.2软件对资料进行荟萃分析。结果最终纳入10篇随机对照研究,共有453例患者。荟萃分析显示:托吡酯和非典型抗精神病药物联用时,托吡酯能够有效改善非典型抗精神病药所致体质量增加[加权均数差(WMD)=-1.82kg(95%CI:-2.65~-0.99),P〈0.0001]、体质指数(BMI)增加[WMD=-1.31kg/m^2(95%CI:-1.69-0.93),P〈0.00001]、空腹血糖升高[标准化均数差(SMD)=-1.15(95%CI:-1.50~-0.79),P〈0.00001];但托吡酯不能改善总胆固醇、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白的异常;症状改善上,托吡酯和安慰剂无显著差异,不能进一步改善精神分裂症患者的PANSS评分[阳性症状WMD:-0.33(95%CI:~2.51~1.85),P=0.77,阴性症状wMD=-0.99(95%CI:-3.25~1.27),P=0.39,一般精神病理症状WMD:-1.42(95%CI:-4.12~1.27),P=0.30,总分WMD=-3.24(95%CI:-8.78~2.30),P=0.25]。结论托吡酯可以对非典型抗精神病药物所致的体质量增加和血糖异常有改善效果,但不能改善血脂代谢异常,对精神分裂症患者的阳性和阴性症状改善不显著。
Objective To systematically determine the effectiveness of Topiramate to counteract atypical antipsychotic-induced body weight gain and metabolic adversities in patients with psychiatric disorders. Methods A literature search using MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsyeINFO, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM and WanFang Data for randomized, open and double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of Topiramate targeting atypical antipsychotic-induced weight gain was performed. Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality of included studies. Then meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 software. Results A total of 10 RCTs was included, consisting of 453 subjects. The results of meta-analysis showed that:compared with placebo, Topiramate was moderate effective in reducing antipsychotics-related weight gain (WMD= -1.82 kg (95%CI: -2.65- -0.99), P〈0. 000 1), BMI increase (WMD= - 1.31 kg/m^2 (95 % CI: - 1.69 - - 0.93 ) , P 〈 0.000 01 ) and fasting glucose increase ( SMD = - 1.15 (95% CI: - 1.50 - -0.79), P 〈0.000 01); but can not regulate the lipid metabolic disorders ( Cholesterol : SMD = - 0. 23 ( 95 % CI: - 0. 81 - 0. 35 ), P = 0.44 ) ; Triglycerides : SMD = - 0. 28 ( 95 % CI: -0.75-0.19),P=0.24; HDL:SMD= 0.01 (95%CI: -0.52-0.53), P=0.98); LDL:SMD= -0. 39 (95% CI: - 0. 89 - 0. 11 ), P = 0. 13 ). Meanwhile, when compared with placebo, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in patients with schizophrenia did not show obviously clinical improvement in concomitant Topiramate group. Conclusion Topiramate can prevent and/or treat atypical antipsychotic induced weight gain and glucose disorder, but current evidence does not support the effect of Topiramate in lipid metabolic regulation and the clinical symptoms improvement assessed by PANSS.