中文摘要：

试验对7个江西地方鸡134个个体进行D-1oop第一高变区测序,获得360 bp序列进行分析,系统建树显示,7个鸡品种很明显地分成了5个支系A、B、C、E和G。对所有样本进行分子差异等级分析（AMOVA）,品种内的方差组分占96.24%,表明7个鸡品种间在这个位点上没有出现显著的遗传分化,品种间表现弱的遗传结构。对134条序列进行网络关系分析表明,整个鸡群体曾经历了群体扩张事件。

英文摘要：

D-loop was used to analyze the mitochondrial DNA（mtDNA） variation of 134 individuals of 7 native chicken（Gallus gallus）breeds from Jiangxi.The mitochondrial hypervariable region 1（HVR1）of 135 individuals was sequenced.The analysis of these sequences revealed that the chicken breeds were classified into five distinct lineages A,B,C,E and G.The variation（96.24%）within breeds suggested that most of the total genetic variation was due to variation within populations and revealed a weak phylogeographical structure among the breeds.Network analysis showed that population expansion happened among populations.