中文摘要：

RNAi是一种序列特异的同源依赖型基因沉默现象,在真核生物中普遍存在,是生物体抵抗核酸入侵、调控自身基因表达的重要途径。RNAi发现以后,很快就作为一种反向遗传学手段广泛应用于基因功能鉴定,并且在作物改良中得到了广泛应用,在作物抗病毒及品种改良方面得到了成功应用。近年来,随着对RNAi机制认识的不断加深,RNAi技术作为一种增强植物抵抗线虫、草食昆虫、真菌等有害真核生物的新策略的研究逐渐展开,并取得了一定成果,展现出良好的发展前景。对RNAi及其在增强植物抵抗有害真核生物方面的研究进展进行了综述,并对RNAi作为一种持久抗病虫育种策略的前景进行了展望。

英文摘要：

RNAi is a common specific sequence homology-dependent gene silencing phenomenon in eukaryotes,it is an important way to regulate gene expression for resistanting to nuclease invasion. Since being found,RNAi is widely used in gene function identification,and has been widely applied in crop and antiviral improvement as a kind of reverse genetics methods. In recent years,with the deepening understanding of RNAi,RNAi showed good promising prospects as a new strategy to enhance plant resistance to nematodes,herbivorous insects,fungi and other harmful eukaryotes and achieved some results. RNAi and its research progress in enhancing plant resistance to harmful eukaryotes,and the prospect of persistent pest resistance breeding strategies for RNAi were summarized.