中文摘要：

目的监测慢性粒细胞白血病（CML）患者异基因造血干细胞移植（allo-HSCT）后BCR／ABL融合基因表达水平的动态变化，从而判断移植效果，指导临床治疗。方法应用Taqman实时定量RT-PCR方法，以B-actin作为内参照，检测10例初发CML患者及25例接受allo-HSCT治疗的CML患者在移植前、后不同时段外周血中BCR／ABL mRNA表达水平。结果15例接受移植的患者移植前、移植后1、2个月的NBCR／ABL（％）中位数分别为：6．57（0．14～38．83）、0．10（0～1．71）、0（0～0．52），3个月后全部为0。移植后早期检测BCR／ABL转录本较移植前逐渐下降，移植后1、2个月NBCR／ABL（％）均较移植前下降（x^2均为13．07，P〈O．01）；移植后2个月较1个月下降（x^2=8．10，P〈0．01）。其余10例患者从移植后3～43个月不同时段起连续检测NBCR/ABL（％）也全部为0。结论实时定量RT-PCR方法检测CML患者的BCR／ABL融合基因的表达，操作迅速，灵敏度、特异性好，用于移植后微小残留病的检测对评估预后并指导临床治疗具有重要意义。

英文摘要：

Objective To monitor the gene expression of BCR/ABL in chronic myeloid leukemia patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation with real-time RT-PCR for evaluating therapeutic efficacy and guiding further treatment. Methods Taqman real-time RT-PCR technique was performed to monitor peripheral blood BCR/ABL transcript levels in 10 patients at the time of diagnosis and serially at intervals in 25 patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem ceils transplantation, lS-actin mRNA was used as an endogenous reference. Results The sensitivity of real-time RT-PCR was 10 copies/μl. In 15 patients receiving transplantation, the median of NBCR/ABL （%） before transplantation, 1 month after transplantation and 2 months after transplantation was respectively：6. 57 （0. 14 -38. 83 ）,0. 10 （0 -1.71 ） and 0（0 -0. 52）. 3 months later NBCR/ABL（% ） all turned to 0. BCR/ABL transcripts after transplantation were detected to decrease gradually. NBCR/ABL （%） 1 month after transplantation and 2 months after transplantation was both lower than that before transplantation （ X^2 both = 13. 07, P 〈 0. 01 ）. NBCR/ABL （ % ） at 2 months after transplantation was lower than that at 1 month after transplantation （ X^2 = 8. 10, P 〈 0. 01 ）. In 10 other patients, NBCR/ABL （ % ） Was 0 in consecutive tests from 3 to 43 months after transplantation. Conclusion Real-time RT-PCR is sensitive, reliable and reproducible for monitoring CML relapse after transplantation. It is of help in detecting minimal residual disease, predicating the prognosis of the disease and providing practical indications for further treatment.