中文摘要：

用热酸法对海泡石样品进行提纯和改性,然后用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）对热酸活化的海泡石进行有机化改性,制备有机海泡石。采用X射线衍射分析（XRD）、傅立叶红外光谱分析（TFIR）和扫描电镜显微分析（SEM）等测试手段分别对酸化海泡石和有机海泡石进行分析。结果表明：酸活化能有效除去样品中的方解石等杂质,海泡石中部分的Mg被H取代,同时失去端位上与Mg配位的结构水。提高固液比、延长时间、升高温度可促进海泡石的酸化效果,改变酸浓度对海泡石酸化效果影响不明显。有机化处理后海泡石层间距由12.16nm增加到12.30nm,且有机化有利于海泡石纤维解束。

英文摘要：

Sepiolite was purified and modified with hydrochloric acid,then modified with cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide（CTAB） to get organic sepiolite.X-ray diffraction,fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（TFIR） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM） were used to analyze the samples.The results showed that impurities such as calcite were removed from the sepiolite,some of Mg in the sepiolite was replaced by H,and the structural water which coordinated with the end position Mg was removed.The layer spacing of sepiolite expanded from 12.16 nm to 12.30 nm by organic modification and it is advantageous for sepiolite fiber bundle separation.