中文摘要：

分子靶向药物的出现显示出肿瘤治疗传统模式的重要进展。与传统放疗、化疗相比，分子靶向治疗因其特异性高、不良反应轻微，在恶性肿瘤个体化治疗中扮演重要角色。十五年来，分子靶向药物的出现，给肿瘤的治疗模式带来重大改变，也给临床医生带来新的挑战。准确把握分子靶向药物应用时机，获得最大临床效果，已成为肿瘤治疗领域关注热点。本文就非小细胞肺癌、消化系统肿瘤、乳腺癌、肾癌治疗中分子靶向药物如何选择应用时机进行阐述。

英文摘要：

The development of molecule-targeted therapy is a major breakthrough in the treatment of cancer. Compared with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, molecule-targeted therapy perform an important role in individually tailored cancer therapy because of the lower toxicity and higher efficiency. Over the recent 15 years, the emergence of molecule-targeted therapy has brought great change to treatment of cancer, and also brought challenges to clinician. The timing of using the molecular-targeted therapy has become a heatedly-discussed issue. This review illustrated the issue from the perspective of molecular targeted therapies which were recommended for the cure o[ non small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, malignancies in digestive system and kidney cancer.