本文根据2013/14渔季“福荣海”轮在南设得兰群岛海域生产期间收集的数据,对南极磷虾渔场时空变动和影响CPUE变动的因素(时空、放网时间、拖速、拖曳深度、水深和水温)进行分析。结果表明:(1)48.1亚区磷虾渔场随时间变化由乔治岛东北部向乔治岛和南极半岛之间水域移动;(2)平均CPUE具有明显的时空差异,4月上旬平均CPUE最高(44.41t/h),放网时间在[8:00,18:00)时,平均CPUE较高,超过20 t/h;(3)拖速[3,3.3)kn时平均CPUE最高(27.20 t/h),拖曳水深在(20,40]m时,平均CPUE最高(34.35 t/h),海底深度在[100,200)m时,平均CPUE最大(34.48 t/h),水温小于-1.8℃时平均CPUE最高(36.20t/h)。本研究结果可为南极磷虾生物资源开发提供基础数据,并为海上生产提供指导性参考。
Based on the data collected by trawl fishery targeted at Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba ) operating in the Antarctic waters around the South Shetland Islands of the trawler "FURONGHAI"in 2013/14 fishing seasons, the factors affecting CPUE (Catch Per Unit Effort) index of Antarctic krill survey including spatial-temporal variation, start fishing time, trawl speed, trawl depth and sea temperature were analyzed, and the spatial-temporal variations of fishing grounds were also analyzed. Results showed that : ( 1 ) the main fishing grounds in 48.1 subarea shifted from the northeast of the George Island to the area between the George Island and the Antarctic Peninsula; (2) the average CPUE had obvious spatial-temporal differences, the early April had the highest average CPUE (44.41 t/h), the average CPUE was over 20 t/h when the start fishing time was between 8:00 to 18: 00; (3) the average CPUE index was larger when the trawl speed was between 3 knot to 3.3 knot (27.20 t/h), or the trawl depth was between 20 m to 40 m (34.45 t/h), or the sea bottom depth was between 100 m to 200 m ( CPUE = 34.48 t/h), or the sea temperature was lower than - 1.8℃ ( CPUE = 36.2 t/h). The study can provide basic data for exploiting Antarctic krill resources and guide reference for fishing operation in the sea area.