中文摘要：

简要介绍2013年初启动的国家重点基础研究发展计划项目“上层海洋对台风的响应和调制机理研究”。首先围绕国家需求说明项目的重要性和必要性，然后从物理机制、同化方法和预报技术出发说明海洋与台风的相互作用是海洋与大气科学研究的前沿命题，接着从海洋对台风的局地响应和反馈、海洋与台风的大尺度相互作用、针对台风的海洋多源数据同化和预报模式的发展等方面阐述相关国内外研究进展，最后给出项目的关键科学问题和主要研究内容。

英文摘要：

This paper is an introduction to a new project of the national basic research program of China, ＂Upper Ocean Response and Feedback Mechanisms to Typhoon＂. The importance and necessity of this project, regarding the national interests, are discussed at the beginning. Then, the ocean-typhoon interaction is proposed as a cutting-edge research topic, in terms of the physical mechanism, data assimilation method, and forecast technique. Latest research progresses are reviewed on the oceanic response and feedback to typhoon, the large-scale interaction between the ocean and typhoon, the multi-source ocean data assimilation related to typhoon, and typhoon forecast model. Finally, the key scientific questions and the major research contents are presented.