中文摘要：

三沙市的设立成为近来全国乃至世界关注的热点。设立三沙市，不仅具有向国际社会宣示主权的作用，也有助于维护南海的海洋权益，对于国防安全与维护领土完整，国际交流与行政管理都具有十分重大的意义。随着三沙市政府机构的成立与完善，三沙市所辖的西沙群岛、中沙群岛和南海群岛及附属岛屿的城市开发和建设提上日程。从周边环境、自身基础、产业支撑等方面论述了三沙市城市开发的基础条件与环境约束。进而从资源条件、发展潜力、交通条件、开发困境与约束条件等方面对三沙市的城市开发进行了全面的评估。特别指出，三沙市的城市开发与建设面临淡水之困、生态容量之困、政治军事之困和渔民安置之困。综合考虑三沙市的政治因素和资源环境承载力后，提出：（1）三沙市城市开发应遵循生态优先原则，不以经济利益为导向原则，岛、海综合利用原则和生态旅游开发原则。（2）三沙市的城市开发应摸清家底，立足高端，遵循向天、向海要地的发展模式，开发海陆空综合旅游产品，通过引入现代高科技和生态型项目支撑三沙市的可持续发展。并提出了三沙市未来城市发展的相关对策与建议，为三沙市城市发展提供参考依据。

英文摘要：

The establishment of Shansha city becomes a hot topic all over the country and the worlds, which is not only a declaration of sovereignty to the foreign countries, but also contributes to the maintenance of maritime rights and interests in the South China Sea. It has a great significance for the security of national defense, the maintenance of the territorial integrity and the international exchange and administration management. With the establishment and improvement of Shashi government agencies, urban development and construction is one important task for Xisha Islands, the Zhongsha Islands and the Nansha Islands and theirs affiliated islands which are under the jurisdiction of the Shansha city. Beginning with the basic conditions of urban development in Shansha city, this paper put forward environment constraints of urban development from the viewpoint of surrounding, the development basis, industry support and political and military aspects. Then it carried out a comprehensive assessment of the tourism development from the viewpoint of natural resources, development potential, traffic conditions, development difficulties and constraints of the Shansha city. In particular, the urban development of Shansha city are facing some difficulties such as lack of the fresh water, the poor ecological capacity, political and military, and fishermen placement et al. Based on the comprehensive consideration above, this paper proposes some advice for urban development （1） The urban development in Shansha city should follow some basic principles such as ecological conservation priorities, Non- economic interests oriented, comprehensive utilization of Island and surrounding sea, eco-tourism development etc. （2） Based on the real resources and environmental conditions, the main development model is that urban activity space should expand to the sky and to the sea. Development of tourist products is diverse, including island, sea and air tourism products. In order to support the sustainable development of the South Chi