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中文摘要：
传统催化剂催化甲醇氧化羰基化合成碳酸二甲酯（DMC）因氯离子的存在易导致腐蚀、失活,通过负载、添加助剂或配体的铜催化体系可改善上述问题。本文介绍了各改进催化体系,并综述了其反应机理。其中负载CuCl2或CuCl催化剂的活性中间体是Cu（OCH3）Cl或Cu2（OH）3Cl;亚铜与配体混合时,配体的种类、数量、结构等会影响甲氧基铜物种的形成;固体离子交换得到的Cu-分子筛催化剂实现了无氯化,然而活性较低;将Si、Al、Ti等氧化物作为载体时,对载体表面结构的改性改善了催化性能。大多数铜催化体系的控制步骤为CO对甲氧基铜物种的插入反应,然而对于甲氧基铜物种的产生以及CO对甲氧基铜物种插入后的产物仍存在分歧。指出进一步研究各催化体系的反应机理仍然是今后工作的重点。
英文摘要：
There are a series of problems on traditional catalysis in the synthesis of DMC from oxidative carbonylation of methanol,including the corrosion to instrument and the loss of catalyst activity for the existence of chlorine.Modified copper catalysts were obtained by loading and adding promoter or ligand and some problems were ameliorated.The modified catalysts were introduced and the mechanisms for them were studied.An active intermediate for CuCl2or CuCl loaded catalyst is Cu（OCH3）Cl or Cu2（OH）3Cl.When CuCl was mixed with ligand,the formation of methoxide species was affected by the structure,kind and amount of ligand.Free-chloride catalyst was realized for the Cu-zeolite catalyst prepared by solid-state exchange,but with low activity.When Si,Al and Ti oxide were used as zeolites,modifications for the surface of these oxides were implemented and catalytic activity was enhanced.Though the rate-determing step is the insertion of CO to the methoxide species for most of copper catalyst,differences remained in the formation of methoxide species and the production of the insertion of CO to the methoxide species.Further study of the reaction mechanism for the catalysts is still the focus in the future.
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