中文摘要：

以聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）、二甲基乙酰胺（DMAc）为铸膜液体系，采用高含量溶剂DMAc水溶液作为第1凝固浴，水为第2凝固浴组成的双凝固浴制备PVDF中空纤维膜。通过扫描电镜（SEM）形貌观察，纯水水通量和BSA截留率测试，探讨了第1凝固浴停留时间对PVDF—PVP中空纤维膜性能与结构的影响。结果表明，随着膜丝在高溶剂含量第1凝固浴中停留时间从0变化至10S，膜丝纯水通量在2S时下降，之后持续增加，而BSA截留率不断降低。SEM显示随停留时间延长，膜表面孔隙率增加，亚层指状孔增多，大孔孔径增大，亚层海绵结构变得疏松。在停留时间为10S时，膜水通量达315L·m^2·h^-1，BSA截留率86％，可做为制备高通量PVDF超滤膜的最佳成形条件。

英文摘要：

Polyvinylidene fluoride （PVDF）/polyvinylpyrrolidone （PVP）/N,N-dimethylacetamide （DMAc） solutions composite hollow fiber membrane were fabricated by the dual-bath coagulation method, using high concentrations of DMAc/water solution as the first coagulation bath, water for the second coagulation bath. The effect of first coagulation bath residence time on the performance and microstructure of PVDF-PVP hollow fiber membrane were investigated with scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, pure water flux and Bovine Serum Albumin （BSA） solute rejection performance in this paper, The experimental results indicated that with the first coagulation bath residence time changes from 0 to 10 s, pure water flux was reduced in the 2 s, and then turned to increase, while the BSA retention rates had decreased. The SEM images showed the sponge-like structure was looser with more and bigger macrovoid structure at the sub-layer, and the membrane upper structure varied from dense to porosity as the residence time prolonging. The pure water flux amounted to 315 L.m-Z.h ~ and the BSA rejection rate was moderate when the residence time was 10s, which was the best formation condition for high-permeance PVDF ultrafiltration membrane.