[目的]探讨饮食与肺癌发病的相互关系。[方法]利用Meta分析专用软件STATA对我国1990-2015年间55篇公开发表的有关饮食因素与肺癌的病例对照研究资料进行定量综合分析。[结果]酸食(OR=0.722,95%CI:0.564-0.923)、辣食(OR=0.537,95%CI:0.418-0.690)、蒜类食物(OR=0.773,95%CI:0.668-0.894)、蔬菜(OR=0.578,95%CI:0.495-0.675)、水果(OR=0.709,95%CI:0.640-0.785)、豆类及其制品(OR=0.634,95%CI:0.445-0.903)、蛋类(OR=0.527,95%CI:0.378-0.736)、鱼类(OR=0.706,95%CI:0.505-0.988)、维生素及胡萝卜素(OR=0.486,95%CI:0.366-0.646)和饮茶(OR=0.622,95%CI:0.542-0.713)是肺癌发病的保护因素。喜欢咸食(OR=2.114,95%CI:1.542-2.898)、甜食(OR=1.509,95%CI:1.186-1.920)、腌制食品(OR=1.504,95%CI:1.177-1.922)、煎炸、烟熏或烧烤食品(OR=1.754,95%CI:1.518-2.027)、动物内脏(OR=1.956,95%CI:1.539-2.486)、食用动物油(OR=1.797,95%CI:1.091-2.486)、少食蔬菜(OR=1.884,95%CI:1.469-2.417)、少食水果(OR=2.105,95%CI:1.421-3.119)、少食奶制品及其制品(OR=1.470,95%CI:1.025-2.107)、维生素及胡萝卜素摄入少(OR=1.647,95%CI:1.305-2.080)和饮酒(OR=1.382,95%CI:1.213-1.575)是肺癌发病的危险因素。食用植物油(OR=0.968,95%CI:0.434-2.158)、奶类及其制品(OR=0.648,95%CI:0.334-1.259)、肉类(OR=0.823,95%CI:0.641-1.055)、禽类(OR=0.763,95%CI:0.433-1.347)、海产品(OR=0.686,95%CI:0.417-1.130)、螺贝类(OR=0.609,95%CI:0.248-1.494)、经常服用补品(OR=1.005,95%CI:0.322-3.140)和高脂饮食(OR=1.397,95%CI:0.769-2.540)对肺癌发病的作用无统计学意义。[结论]饮食因素与肺癌发病密切相关,健康的饮食是肺癌发生的保护因素,不健康的饮食习惯可使肺癌的发病风险显著上升。
[Purpose ] To investigate the relationship between diet and lung cancer through systemic review. [Method] Fifty-five published literatures of case-control studies on the relationship be- tween dietary factors and lung cancer from 1995 to 2007 were collected and analyzed synthetically by software STATA for Meta-analysis. [Results]Acid food(OR=0.722,95%CI:0.564-0.923),spicy food (OR =0.537,95% CI : 0.418-0.690), garlic food (OR =0.773,95% CI : 0.668-0.894), vegetables (OR=O.578,95%CI:0.495-0.675),fruits (OR=0.709,95%CI:0.640-0.785),bean and its products (OR=0.634,95%CI:0.445-0.903),eggs (OR=0.527,95%CI:0.378-0.736),fishes (OR=0.706,95% CI:0.505-0.988),Vitamins and carotene(OR=0.486,95%CI:0.366-0.646) and drinking tea(OR= 0.622,95%CI:0.542-0.713) were the protective factors of lung cancer. Diet with hyper salt (OR= 2.114,95%CI: 1.542-2.898), sweet food(OR=1.509,95%CI: 1.186-1.920),pickle(OR=1.504,95% CI: 1.177 - 1.922), fried, smoked or grilled food (OR = 1.754,95% CI : 1.518 -2.027), animal viscera (OR=1.956,95%CI: 1.539-2.486),animal oil (OR=1.797,95%CI: 1.091-2.486),eating less vegeta- bles(OR= 1.884,95%CI: 1.469-2.417), eating less fruits(OR=2.105,95%CI: 1.421-3.119),less dairy (OR=1.470,95%CI: 1.025-2.107),less intake of vitamins and carotene (OR=1.647,95%CI: 1.305- 2.080) and drinking wine (OR=1.382 ,95%CI: 1.213-1.575) were the risk factors of lung cancer. [Conclusion] Dietary factors are closely related to the incidence of lung cancer. Healthy diets are protective factors for lung cancer,while unhealthy diets can cause a significant increase in the risk of lung cancer.