中文摘要：

微生物燃料电池（microbial fuel cell,MFC）是一种能够将化学能直接转化为电能的装置.由于其产生的电信号可以直接反映微生物的新陈代谢活动并能实现在线监测,因此MFC 在生物传感器领域中迅速发展.MFC生物传感器可利用MFC 产生的电流或电压作为电信号对被分析物进行分析测量,具有灵敏度高、监测速度快、操作简便、可在线连续监测等优点.本文简述了微生物燃料电池生物传感器的工作原理和在环境监测中的研究进展,并对其发展前景作了预测和展望.

英文摘要：

Microbial fuel cell （MFC） is a technology used in wastewater treatment with microorganisms as catalyst forconverting chemical energy into electrical energy. As the current generated can be monitored online easily andreflect the metabolism of microorganisms directly, MFC is developed rapidly in biosensor field. MFC -basedbiosensor used the current or voltage produced by MFC as electrical signals to detect the targeted substance withthe advantage of high sensitivity, high monitoring speed, operating simply and continuous online monitoring. Theworking principle and the application of MFC-based biosensor in environmental monitoring were discussed, andprospective strategies for future development was be proposed.