中文摘要：

稀土永磁材料的高磁性能使其成为应用广泛的基础性功能材料．概述了高性能烧结Nd-Fe-B和纳米复合Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe永磁材料的制备与性能研究的几点进展．在采用速凝铸带加氢爆工艺制备高性能烧结Nd-Fe-B磁体方面，概述了材料中添加元素对磁体显微组织和磁性能的影响，以及制备工艺对高能积磁体的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能的影响．在采用非晶晶化工艺制备纳米复合Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe型永磁材料方面，概述了添加元素在非晶晶化过程所起的作用，及其对材料相组成和微结构及磁性能的影响；同时概述了快淬速度、压力和晶化处理等制备工艺对材料微结构和磁性能的影响．

英文摘要：

Rare-earth permanent magnets are widely applied in various fields due to their outstanding magnetic properties. The present paper is dedicated to the review of recent advances in NdFeB sintered magnets and Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe nanocomposites. High energy product NdFeB sintered magnets have been prepared by newly technique of strip casting （SC） and subsequent hydrogen decrepitation （HD）. The effects of additive elements and processing parameters on microstructure, magnetic properties, fracture strength, and corrosion resistance of the high energy sintered magnets are summarized. On the other hand, Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe-type nanocomposites have been prepared by melt spinning and subsequent crystallization treatment. In this paper, the effects of alloy compositions on the microstructure and magnetic properties are presented, as well as the crystallization behavior and crystallization kinetics of the nanocomposite magnets. The influences of manufacture procedure on the microstructure and magnetic properties have also been presented.