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中文摘要：
公众防灾意识的减灾效应是城市减灾的基础，是减少灾害损失的有效途径；公众综合防灾意识水平的测算是评价、衡量公众参与救灾、减灾程度与能力的基础。基于系统观念，建立了一套综合评估公民防灾意识水平指标体系，针对上海市民开展实证调查研究。抽样结果显示：上海市民综合防灾意识水平一般；对于城市灾害的关心程度较高，对居住区灾害危险性认识一般，应对突发灾害时，应急避难逃生能力较低；不同特征人群综合防灾意识水平存在差异，且空间分布不均匀。
英文摘要：
The disaster reduction effect of the public awareness, which is an effective way to reduce loss, is the basis of disaster prevention and mitigation in cities and towns. The measure and evaluation of the public comprehensive awareness to disaster prevention, which is the basic work to evaluate the level of public participation in disaster mitigation, is a reflection of the ability and degree of the public participation. Based on the idea of system, an index system of public disaster prevention awareness has been established for comprehensive evaluation of Shanghai＇s public awareness. The sampling results show that the level of Shanghai＇s public awareness of disaster prevention is common. There is a higher degree of urban disasters concern and general awareness of the disaster risk in residential area, while the capacity of emergency escape faced with unexpected disasters is lower. Different features of the crowd reveal different level of awareness, and the spatial distribution is uneven.
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