中文摘要：

极短纤维突变体Li1自国外引入本实验室后,出现了纯合致死现象。而在杂交组合（Li1×XZ142 FLM）的后代中意外发现了一些Li1基因纯合的突变体株系,其自交后代均为极短纤维。这种Li1基因显性纯合不致死突变体被命名为Li-R重组体。本实验利用Li-R重组体分别与TM-1、海7124及突变体Li1新组配了3个F2群体,对Li-R重组体进行遗传分析。组合Li-R×XZ142 FLM、Li-R×TM-1、Li-R×海7124及Li-R×Li1的F2后代的分离结果均表明,Li-R重组体的纯合显性不致死表型是由2对基因控制的,一个是显性基因Li1,另一个是来自XZ142 FLM的隐性基因lia。其中的lia基因是本实验室新提出的一个基因。因而Li-R的基因型就是lialiaLi1Li1;并由此推断,Li1纯合致死突变体的基因型是LiaLiaLi1Li1,XZ142 FLM的基因型为lialiali1li1,1929年发现的Li1显性杂合突变体的基因型为LiaLiaLi1li1。利用（Li-R×TM-1）F2：3进一步分析Li-R中的新基因lia的等位性,发现lia与控制纤维起始发育的基因li3、n2均不等位。新基因lia的提出,进一步丰富了纤维发育基因资源。

英文摘要：

The Li1 mutant discovered by Griffee and Ligon in 1929 is characterized by its short lint fiber, contorted leaf laminae and a twisted appearance of the branches and stems. It was observed that the homozygous mutant plants appeared slightly smaller than the heterozygous ones. Lil mutant has never been observed to produce homozygous Lil phenotype by selfing since it was introduced and planted in China. To study the allelic relationship between three fiberless mutant （XZ142 FLM, MD17, and SL1-7-1） genes and Li1 gene, we crossed the Lil mutant with these three fiberless mutants, respectively. From the cross Li1 × XZ142 FLM, we unexpectedly got a recombinant with all distorted leaves and short lint fibers. And there was no segregation in their F2 progeny, which indicated that the mutation is homozygous of Li1 gene. We named this homozygous Li1 mutant as Ligon lintless recombinant （Li-R）. Segregating populations were produced to conduct the inheritance analysis of homozygous-dominant- surviving phenotype of this Ligon lintless recombinant Li-R. Segregation of four F2s derived from Li-R×XZ142 FLM, Li-R×TM-1, Li-R×Hai 7124, and Li-R×Li1 indicated that the segregation of the homozygous-dominant-surviving phenotype of Li-R fit a two locus inheritance model, one locus being the dominant Li1 and another a new recessive locus derived from XZ142 FLM, and we proposed to name it as lia. Therefore, the genotype of homozygous-dominant-surviving plant Li-R is lialiaLi1Li1, and that of homozygous-dominant-leathal plant of Li1 is LiaLiaLi1Li1, the genotype of XZ142 FLM is lialiali1li1, that of the heterozygous Lii mutant found in 1929 is LiaLiaLi1li1. Segregation analysis of F2-derived F3 families from Li-R×TM-1 revealed that lia is non-allelic to li3 and n2, both genes leading to fiberless seed phenotype.