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广西部分水稻主导品种对稻瘟病的抗性评价

ISSN号：1001-4020
期刊名称：《理化检验：化学分册》
时间：0
分类：S[农业科学]
作者机构：[1]广西农业科学院植物保护研究所.广西作物病虫害生物学重点实验室,广西南宁530007, [2]广西区种子管理局,广西南宁530022, [3]广西农业科学院,广西南宁530007
相关基金：广西农科院基本科研业务专项（桂农科2013YM20,桂农科2014YZ24）; 广西农业重点科技计划项目（2010009）; 国家科技支撑计划（2012BAD19B03）; 广西创新团队建设岗位专家经费; 广西特聘专家专项经费

作者：颜群[1], 罗志勇[2], 张晋[3], 高利军[1], 陈小林[1], 高汉亮[1]

关键词：水稻主导品种, 稻瘟病, 抗性评价, 广西, Leading rice varieties, Rice blast, Resistance evaluation, Guangxi

中文摘要：

为明确广西水稻主导品种对稻瘟病的抗性水平,分别在广西岑溪、三江、永福设立了3个自然诱发病圃,通过采用苗期室内人工喷雾接种和病圃自然诱发的方法鉴定了45个主导水稻品种的抗谱及病区田间抗性。室内抗谱测定结果显示,供试的45个水稻主导品种抗性频率在8.33%~94.44%之间,抗性频率在80%以上的有8个,占鉴定总数的17.78%;50%~80%之间的有11个,占总数的24.44%;50%以下的有26个,占57.78%两年病圃鉴定结果表明,45个水稻主导品种稻瘟病的抗性水平较差,无中抗水平以上抗性品种;2010年,表现中感的有26个,占总数的57.78%,表现感病的有12个、高感7个,分别占26.67%、15.56%;2011年,表现中感的有16个,占总数的35.56%,表现感病的有23个、高感6个,分别占51.11%、13.33%。45个水稻主导品种总体抗性水平呈逐年下降的趋势,在生产上应合理使用。

英文摘要：

In order to determine the resistance of leading rice varieties to rice blast in Guangxi, three natural induction rice blast nurseries were established in Cenxi, Sanjiang and Yongfu. The resistance of the 45 leading rice varieties in Guangxi to rice blast was determined under conditions of spray inoculation and natural induction at seedling stage. The results showed that resistance frequencies of the 45 leading rice varieties ranged from 8.33% to 94.44%. Among the 45 tested varieties, there were 8 varieties of which the resistance frequencies were all higher than 80%, accounting for 17.78%; there were 11 varieties of which the resistance frequencies ranged from 50% to 80%, accounting for 24.44%; the resistance frequencies of the remaining varieties were all lower than 50%, accounting for 57.78% of the total tested varieties. The twoconsecutive-year determination results showed none of the 45 leading rice varieties showed resistance to rice blast. In 2010, there were 26, 12 and 7 varieties that were moderately sensitive, sensitive and greatly sensitive to rice blast respectively, accounting for 57.78%, 26.67% and 15.56% of the total tested varieties. In 2011, there were 16, 23 and 12 varieties that were moderately sensitive, sensitive and greatly sensitive to rice blast respectively, accounting for 35.56%, 51.11% and 13.33%. The overall resistance of the 45 leading rice varieties trended to be decreased year by year. So in rice production, they should be selected properly.

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