中文摘要：

调控开花时间是大多数植物由营养生长向生殖生长转化的一个重要生长发育过程．影响拟南芥开花时间的因素有很多，其中光照和温度是两个主要的外部因素，而赤霉素（GA）和一些自主性因子是主要的内部因素．目前，一般按照对以上因素的反应将晚花突变体归于四条开花调控途径：光周期途径、春化途径、自主途径和GA途径．在不断变化的外部环境条件和内部生理条件下，这些途径通过一些主要的整合基因如SOC1、FT、LFY等实现了对拟南芥开花时间的精确调控．

英文摘要：

Flowering is one of the most important progresses for most plants during the transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. There are many factors that affect the flowering, including two main external factors, light and temperature, and the internal factors such as gibberellin acid （GA） and autonomous elements. At present, the late-flowering mutants are fallen into four pathways： photoperiod pathway, vernalization pathway, autonomous pathway and GA pathway according to factors described above. Through several floral integrators, such as SOC1, FT and LFY, the multiple flowering regulatory pathways control the flowering finely under the variable environmental condition and physiological condition.