中文摘要：

论文首先指出现有关于企业社会责任（CSR）与企业财务绩效（CFP）二者之间关系研究结论不一致的一个重要原因在于：CSR和企业不负责任（CSiR）的二元对立构念定义范式没有反映CSR的现实状况。借鉴双因素理论的洞见,论文认为CSR的对立面不是CSiR而是没有CSR,CSiR的对立面不是CSR而是没有CSiR,并指出以往CSR测量忽视可见性问题可能导致对CSR行为的误判。有鉴于此,论文将CSR界定为企业以最小化负外部性（没有CSiR/CSR）、最大化正外部性（承担CSR）的方式为社会创造财富,并结合CSR可见性将CSR分为基准型CSR、内隐型CSR、外显型CSR和全面型CSR四种。在此基础上,论文构建了外部性视角下CSR与CFP的权变关系框架。

英文摘要：

It is argued that one important reason for the inconsistent results about corporate social responsibility（ CSR）and corporate financial performance（ CFP） is the deficiency of traditional paradigm of constructing the definitions of CSR and CSiR in revealing the actual situation. Based on the insight of Herzberg＇s motivation hygiene theory,we believe that the opposite of CSR is not CSiR but no CSR; the opposite of CSiR is not CSR but no CSiR. Moreover,we point out that those past empirical studies ignoring the visibility of CSR activities may lead to wrong measurements of the CSR actions. Therefore,we de-fine CSR as firms creating wealth for humanity with minimizing negative externality（ no CSiR / CSR） and maximizing positive externality（ doing CSR）. And with reference to the visibility of CSR,we divide CSR into benchmark CSR,implicit CSR,explicit CSR,and comprehensive CSR. In addition,we build a contingent relationship between CSR and CFP from the external perspective.